DNA matching on AncestryDNA feels like finding hidden family members. The thrill of a 200 cM match led me to a 3rd cousin and a shared 1880s ancestor. This guide explains how DNA matching works, using tools like GEDmatch to connect with relatives. Perfect for beginners, it simplifies complex terms. Start with our Getting Started with DNA Testing.
Why DNA Matching Matters
DNA matching finds relatives by comparing shared DNA segments. My 150 cM match on AncestryDNA revealed a Swedish cousin, confirmed by FamilySearch. It’s key for verifying trees and solving mysteries, making it a vital tool for beginners.
The Power of Matching
Matching identifies shared DNA, measured in centimorgans (cM). Higher cM means closer relatives, like a 500 cM 1st cousin. My 200 cM match shared a great-grandparent, verified by a 1900 census. Matching breaks through record gaps, connecting you to living relatives.
Key Benefits
- Find Relatives: Connect with cousins across generations.
- Verify Trees: Confirm ancestors with DNA evidence.
- Solve Mysteries: Uncover hidden family branches.
How DNA Matching Works
DNA matching compares your genetic code to others, measuring shared segments in cM. A cM is a unit of genetic distance; 1000 cM might be a sibling, 20 cM a distant cousin. My GEDmatch analysis confirmed a 4th cousin via a 1800s ancestor, a breakthrough for my tree.
Understanding Centimorgans
Centimorgans measure how much DNA you share. For example, 1st cousins share ~850 cM, while 5th cousins share ~20 cM. My 150 cM match was a 3rd cousin, confirmed by FamilySearch. Beginners should learn cM ranges to estimate relationships accurately.
Key Metrics
- Centimorgans (cM): Amount of shared DNA.
- Segments: Specific chromosome matches.
- Tools: AncestryDNA, MyHeritage.
Using Matching Tools
Tools make matching clear. AncestryDNA’s ThruLines suggested my Irish cousin, while GEDmatch triangulated matches across platforms. MyHeritage’s Theory of Family Relativity and FamilyTreeDNA’s chromosome browser add depth.
Available Tools
- AncestryDNA: ThruLines suggests relationships.
- MyHeritage: Theory of Family Relativity links to records.
- FamilyTreeDNA: Chromosome browser shows segments.
- GEDmatch: Free triangulation tool.
Tool Tips
- Upload to GEDmatch. See our GEDmatch Tutorial.
- Build a tree on MyHeritage for better matches.
- Use chromosome browsers to confirm shared segments.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Errors can mislead. I ignored a 20 cM match, missing a German ancestor until GEDmatch clarified it. Misreading cM or not contacting matches delays discoveries.
Pitfalls
- Misinterpreting cM: Use tools to verify relationships.
- Ignoring Small Matches: Low cM matches can lead to breakthroughs.
- Not Contacting Matches: Messages unlock stories, like my 1880s diary.
Avoiding Errors
- Verify matches with FamilySearch.
- Contact all matches, even distant ones.
- Build a detailed tree for better results.
Success Stories
DNA matching creates connections. These stories inspire beginners to explore.
- John: Found a Polish cousin via AncestryDNA, sharing a 1900s record.
- Lisa: Uncovered German roots on GEDmatch, confirmed by a 1800s census.
- Maria: Linked to a Brazilian cousin on MyHeritage.
- Tom: Connected to a Swedish relative via FamilyTreeDNA.
Next Steps
Keep your research active with these steps to grow your family tree.
- Message matches with shared surnames or locations.
- Build a tree with our Family Tree Guide.
- Join Reddit r/Genealogy for tips.
- Share on our About Page.
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